Debian HDD 増設時の設定手順
目次
1 手順
1.1 HDD が認識されているか確認
clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 119.2 GiB, 128035676160 bytes, 250069680 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 717F68DA-1EA0-4675-BC19-5E9CCB19C147 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System /dev/sda2 1050624 1550335 499712 244M Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 1550336 250068991 248518656 118.5G Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/sdc: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-root: 114.6 GiB, 123086045184 bytes, 240402432 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-swap_1: 3.9 GiB, 4152360960 bytes, 8110080 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
今回は 2TB の HDD を増設したので、Disk /dev/sdc だと推測して、以下を実行
clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo hdparm -i /dev/sdc /dev/sdc: Model=WDC WD20EZAZ-00GGJB0, FwRev=80.00A80, SerialNo=WD-WX82A305HTN1 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec SpinMotCtl Fixed DTR>5Mbs FmtGapReq } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=0 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=16 (maybe): CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=3907029168 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120} PIO modes: pio0 pio3 pio4 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled Drive conforms to: unknown: ATA/ATAPI-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 * signifies the current active mode
Model から増設したHDDを同定。
1.2 パーティションの作成
clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdc Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.29.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table. Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x5f388f93. Command (m for help): m Help: DOS (MBR) a toggle a bootable flag b edit nested BSD disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag Generic d delete a partition F list free unpartitioned space l list known partition types n add a new partition p print the partition table t change a partition type v verify the partition table i print information about a partition Misc m print this menu u change display/entry units x extra functionality (experts only) Script I load disk layout from sfdisk script file O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file Save & Exit w write table to disk and exit q quit without saving changes Create a new label g create a new empty GPT partition table G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table o create a new empty DOS partition table s create a new empty Sun partition table Command (m for help): n Partition type p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended (container for logical partitions) Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 First sector (2048-3907029167, default 2048): Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-3907029167, default 3907029167): Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 1.8 TiB. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdc: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x5f388f93 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sdc1 2048 3907029167 3907027120 1.8T 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
確認するために、
lothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 119.2 GiB, 128035676160 bytes, 250069680 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 717F68DA-1EA0-4675-BC19-5E9CCB19C147 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System /dev/sda2 1050624 1550335 499712 244M Linux filesystem /dev/sda3 1550336 250068991 248518656 118.5G Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/sdc: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x5f388f93 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sdc1 2048 3907029167 3907027120 1.8T 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-root: 114.6 GiB, 123086045184 bytes, 240402432 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-swap_1: 3.9 GiB, 4152360960 bytes, 8110080 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
をして、以下を確認。
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sdc1 2048 3907029167 3907027120 1.8T 83 Linux
1.3 ファイルシステムの作成
clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
Discarding device blocks: done
Creating filesystem with 488378390 4k blocks and 122101760 inodes
Filesystem UUID: ca684648-42c1-4002-b7c0-d1e818da96f1
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 2048../0000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
1024../00000, 214990848
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
1.4 マウント
現状を確認。
clothoid@silverstone:~$ df -H Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.3G 0 7.3G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.5G 9.8M 1.5G 1% /run /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-root 121G 106G 8.6G 93% / tmpfs 7.3G 216M 7.1G 3% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.3M 4.1k 5.3M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 7.3G 0 7.3G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 248M 75M 161M 32% /boot /dev/sda1 536M 136k 536M 1% /boot/efi /dev/sdb 493G 226G 242G 49% /500g tmpfs 1.5G 4.1k 1.5G 1% /run/user/110 tmpfs 1.5G 17k 1.5G 1% /run/user/1000
マウントポイントを作成。
sudo mkdir /2000g
マウント。
sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /2000g
再度状況を確認。
clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo df -H Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.3G 0 7.3G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.5G 9.8M 1.5G 1% /run /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-root 121G 106G 8.6G 93% / tmpfs 7.3G 216M 7.1G 3% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.3M 4.1k 5.3M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 7.3G 0 7.3G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2 248M 75M 161M 32% /boot /dev/sda1 536M 136k 536M 1% /boot/efi /dev/sdb 493G 226G 242G 49% /500g tmpfs 1.5G 4.1k 1.5G 1% /run/user/110 tmpfs 1.5G 17k 1.5G 1% /run/user/1000 /dev/sdc1 2.0T 80M 1.9T 1% /2000g
1.5 自動マウント設定
UUIDの確認
clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo blkid /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc1: UUID="ca684648-42c1-4002-b7c0-d1e818da96f1" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="5f388f93-01"
fstab に追記。
# /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /boot was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=aa4a4e86-6349-4206-97a8-c25b3979c5b4 /boot ext2 defaults 0 2 # /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=CF84-E179 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1 /dev/mapper/silverstone--vg-swap_1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/sdb /500g ext4 defaults,noatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /dev/sdc /320g ext4 defaults,noatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1 UUID=ca684648-42c1-4002-b7c0-d1e818da96f1 /2000g ext4 defaults 1 2
再起動して確認。
1.6 自分のものにする
clothoid@silverstone:~$ ll / |more total 113 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 20 11:45 2000g drwxrwxrwx 6 root root 4096 Jun 18 06:18 320g drwxrwxrwx 16 clothoid clothoid 4096 Apr 11 16:03 500g drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 11 15:00 bin drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 1024 Jun 13 06:29 boot drwxr-xr-x 21 root root 3560 Jun 20 11:53 dev drwxr-xr-x 151 root root 12288 Jun 20 11:51 etc drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Aug 18 2018 home clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo chown clothoid /2000g clothoid@silverstone:~$ sudo chgrp clothoid /2000g clothoid@silverstone:~$ ls -l / |more total 113 drwxr-xr-x 3 clothoid clothoid 4096 Jun 20 11:45 2000g drwxrwxrwx 6 root root 4096 Jun 18 06:18 320g drwxrwxrwx 16 clothoid clothoid 4096 Apr 11 16:03 500g drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 11 15:00 bin
2 環境
clothoid@silverstone:~$ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Debian Description: Debian GNU/Linux 9.12 (stretch) Release: 9.12 Codename: stretch